Both must and have to can be used in relation to obligation, but what are the differences?
Must is used with internal obligations. This usually involves rules and laws, or something you feel is necessary.
E.g. You must drive on the left side of the road in the UK.
I must study harder if I want to pass that exam.
It can also be used with certainty.
E.g. If you study English every day, you must be dedicated!
You must be tired after driving all night!
Have to, on the other hand, is virtually the same thing. With that being said, it tends to be used for every other type of obligation. It is definitely the most commonly used, and in reality it can even substitute must in most circumstances!
E.g. I have to speak in English for my presentation tomorrow, I’m scared!.
She always has to wake up early for work.
HOWEVER! In their negative forms (mustn’t and don’t have to), they have completely different meanings!
Mustn’t expresses prohibition.
E.g. You mustn’t eat this cake (you are prohibited to eat the cake).
Don’t have to expresses the absence of obligation:
E.g. You don’t have to eat this cake (you are not obliged to eat the cake, but you can if you want to).
So now you know the rules, why not try our quiz and test your knowledge?
Must vs Have To Exercise
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Fill in the gaps with the correct expression of obligation.
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Question 1 of 15
1. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- You (mustn’t, mustn't) smoke inside public places like restaurants and bars.
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Question 2 of 15
2. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- I have a meeting tomorrow at 8am, so I (have to) get up early.
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Question 3 of 15
3. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- We recommend you eat more vegetables, but you (don’t have to, don't have to).
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Question 4 of 15
4. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- Everyone (must) complete their homework by tonight, otherwise they will fail.
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Question 5 of 15
5. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- She (must) be very intelligent if she has a PHD!
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Question 6 of 15
6. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- I lost my train ticket so I (have to) buy another one.
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Question 7 of 15
7. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- The office has a strict dress code, so you (mustn’t, mustn't) wear sandals or jeans.
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Question 8 of 15
8. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- They (don’t have to, don't have to) attend the meeting because they are off sick today.
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Question 9 of 15
9. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- I (have to) drink coffee in the morning otherwise I’m exhausted all day!
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Question 10 of 15
10. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- Everyone (must) wear a mask outside during this pandemic.
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Question 11 of 15
11. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- You (mustn’t, mustn't) drive after drinking alcohol, it’s illegal.
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Question 12 of 15
12. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- You (don’t have to, don't have to) take us to the airport, but it would be very helpful!
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Question 13 of 15
13. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- I would love to come to your party, but I (have to) go to school tomorrow morning.
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Question 14 of 15
14. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- You (must) be starving if you haven’t eaten all day!
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Question 15 of 15
15. Question
MUST – MUSTN’T – HAVE TO – DON’T HAVE TO
- I (have to) pay my rent every Monday.
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So, how did you do? We’re sure you did a great job, but if you’d like some more practise then try our listening exercise here, and take a look at our other blog posts for some more English exercises!